Thomas Hobbes Leviathan and the Fundamental Principle of a Society Ess

At the core of Thomas Hobbes Leviathan remnants one funda workforcetal hold dear of a society, from which Hobbes derives all other laws the duty to self-preservation. At the same time, many of Hobbes claims rest on his assumption that at that place is very little difference between men in their physical and mental abilities. By these two ideas, Hobbes asserts that it is to the advantage of all(prenominal) individuals duty to self-preservation to seek peace with all other men (Hobbes Ch. 13, p. 2). But, in reading this text we must ask ourselves Does Hobbes analyse what would happen if a person were both confident and skilled enough that he or she could subvert the confederate power of all other men? What difficulties might such a person present to the ethical solidarity of the Hobbesian body politic? To answer these questions, I bequeath first deliver a short accounting that brings the ethical trustworthiness of the Hobbesian state into question. With this story I will then i lluminate the flaws of the Hobbesian state, which can be traced back to its fundamental principle of self-preservation. Finally, I will present a different fundamental principle for the laws of a state, equal and fair love, enumerating its advantages. To begin, imagine the following story. In a time very akin to the current one but not our own, the state exists exactly as Hobbes had presented in The Leviathan. The Sovereign rules absolutely every citizen holds the right of self-preservation as the fundamental value of their society and Hobbes is remembered as a national hero. However, the nation currently suffers from a great recession, and many live in terrible poverty. Trusting all their rights to the state, the citizens stick to to a hope for a better future. But among these citizens, no one is more passionate or more devout for the state than Aminta1. As a criminal investigator for the state police, Aminta has received plentiful training and experience which distinguishes her as an above-average individual in terms of general intelligence. However, Aminta possesses one great idiosyncrasy that sharply distinguishes her from the rest of her people. She 1 From the Greek word for protector or defender (English-Greek Dictionary) holds no fear or belief in God and believes there is only this life and its punishments. Aminta deems belief in the divine as the folklore... ...obbesian state. For one, there is nothing inherent to the preservation of ones own freedom that would enable a man to have regard for another mans well-being. Just like the duty to self-preservation, this principle may permit the American citizen to trim the needs of his fellow man, so long as his freedoms have not been infringed. Thus, we begin to see the incredible influence Hobbes work has had in much of todays political theory. If a state were to decide to alter its fundamental principle, it appears it would take years of pulling up bricks to lay the groundwork for a new(a) fundament al principle. Equal and fair love may be more advantageous, but it would take incredible amounts of energy to implement in a state today. Works Cited Hobbes, Thomas. The English Works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury Now First Collected and Edited by Sir William Molesworth, Bart. Vol. 3. London Bohn, 1839-45. Electronic. Locke, John. The Works of John Locke in Nine Volumes. twelfth ed. Vol. 4. London Rivington, 1824. Electronic. Defender, Protect. English-Greek Dictionary. 2nd ed. London Routledge & Kegan Paul Ltd., 1959. Print.

freud Essay -- essays research papers

Freud The Idea of RepressionIn the Second Lecture of Sigmund Freud he uses the concept of repression and he gives the definition of it as the origin of a lot of mental illness such as hysteria. Freud associates the symptom to a will conflict. He defines it as a perversion of the willbecause involuntarily an inhibited intention emerges. It is the premise of the dissociation.Freud explains the hysteria through the repression mechanism with a comparative study.First the subject is susceptible to pretend to put over the fulfillment of an unpleasant obligation. The second, is referred a conception of the human being like whom cannotdominate everything by himself the subjects ethical and other standards were the repressing forces. In this essay, I disagree with Sigmund Freud theory of repression, He doesnt give a detail information of the causes of the mental disorders, and he doesnt gives enough examples to understand his theory.I think that Freuds explanation is inadequate to explain why people have mental disorders. It is verified how the hypnosis is still used to obtain the revelation of the pregnant origin of the symptoms of mental disorders. Thats the origin of the repressed memory therapy that Freud discovered with his patients. Freud says Staring out from the mechanism of cure, it now become possible to construct preferably definite ideas of the origin of the illness. Of course there are a lot of mental illnesses that are kn...

The Breedloves in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye Essay -- American Lit

In the third chapter of The Bluest Eye, entitled Autumn, Toni Morrison focuses on Pecolas family, the Breedloves. Morrison goes in depth closely the family dynamic of the Breedloves and how it affects Pecola and her self-image. The passage starts after one of many arguments between Cholly and Mrs. Breedlove, Pecolas parents, turns violent. Mrs. Breedlove wants Cholly to fetch some coal from the outside shed. Cholly spent the last night drinking and does not want to get out of bed. The passage begins with the children becoming aware of the argument. Mrs. Breedlove starts to hit him with cooking pans while Cholly mostly used his feet and teeth. After the fight is over Mrs. Breedlove honorable lets Cholly lie on the ground and she goes about her business like nothing happened.Pecola starts off this passage with a sick feeling as she relaxes and stops belie sleep during her parents argument. It seems that these arguments happen a lot, for while she had tried to prevent the sick feelin g by holding in her stomach, the sick feeling came quickly in spite of her upkeep (Morris...

All Quiet On The Western Front :: essays research papers

All tranquil on the Western Front1.In the movie &8220All Quiet on the Western Front, the German soldiers were sent into the battlefield thinking that they were going to win. The inexperienced boys were persuaded in to fighting and dying for the success of their country. This brought on a profound sense of disillusionment with the values of Western Civilization.In the German soldier&8217s view they were flavour to win the state of war and take over territory. Such as in Napoleon&8217s time, in which his values was to imperialize weaker countries. The Germans and Napoleon both possessed selfish movies instead of looking through the victim&8217s perspectives but rather looking to satisfy and protect their own desires and needs. This disillusioned the soldiers into fighting proudly for their homeland but never turning back to consider the possible downfalls in going into the western front. By the time the battle of the Somme ended, the German death toll in plea was 164,055, which w as a disaster for the country.During the Renaissance, European countries chose to break out of the Dark ages and reform and to modernize society. The values in reconstruction produced a sense of disillusionment with the actions that took browse on the Western Front. The soldiers on the front were devastated during the first bombardment and all the mental and physical conditions of the soldiers deteriorated from that point on. The values of the Renaissance were the opposite of those that arose on the battlefield.The romance of solving their own national problems disabled Germans in viewing other countries war aims. Over confidence destroyed the troops.2.In the movie &8220All Quiet on the Western Front, young inexperienced German soldiers eagerly enter World War I, but their enthusiasm &8220wears thin as they experience the horrors of the war. Slowly, they start to conform to the cynicism of the veterans.The innocent boys started turning into men when they broke into pieces under t he first bombardment in the trenches. The soldiers start to be beaten down, both emotionally and physically. They experienced beneficial starvation, attacks by rats in the trenches, long stretches of boredom, seeing death of friends, and separation from family and friends. War makes a man inhuman. War change people. It makes people numb to violence in society and slowly adapt to cynicism. After 3 years of mental and physical battle, the troops, like the veterans, who have lived under these situations even longer, become misanthropic.

Holocaust Survivors Essay -- Essays Papers

Holocaust Survivors Who survived the holocaust? What are their lives like today? What has been the governments response towards those who survived after World state of war II? Have the survivors kept their faith? How has the survivors next generation been affected? The survivors of the holocaust were deeply effected by the trauma they encountered. This unforgettable experience influenced their lives, those around them, and point their descendants. When the infamous Hitler began his reign in Germany in 1933, 530,000 Jews were settled in his land. In a matter of years the amount of Jews greatly decreased. After World War II, only 15,000 Jews remained. This small population of Jews was a result of inhumane killings and also the fleeing of Jews to surrounding nations for refuge. After the war, emaciated concentration camp inmates and slave laborers turned up in their previous homes.1 Those who had survived had escaped death from epidemics, starvation, sadistic camp guards, and mass murder plants. Others withstood racial persecution while hiding underground or living illegitimately under assumed identities and were now free to come forth. Among all the survivors, most wished not to return to Germany because the memories were too strong. Also, some become loyal to the new awkward they had entered. Others feared the Nazis would rise again to power, or that they would not be treated as an equal in their own land. There were a few, though, who felt a certificate of indebtedness to return to their home land, Germany, to find closure and to face the reality of the recent years. 2 They felt they could not run anymore. Those survivors wanted to rejoin their national community, and render others who had persecuted them that they could succeed. In order to enco... ... 160. 8. Norbert Muhlen, The Survivors (New York Crowell Company, 1962), 38-39. 9. Norbert Muhlen, The Survivors (New York Crowell Company, 1962), 40-42. 10. Survivors of the Holocaust -Study Guide

Dying With Dignity :: social issues

Dying With DignityI am here straight off to explain the different legal aspects euthanasia and physician assisted self-annihilation. There atomic number 18 ii sides to this controversy, and their basic ideas are of the following termin every last(predicate)y sorrow patients should be allowed to end their lives with dignity. Physician-assisted suicide is a compassionate solution to human suffering, and should not be criminalized, and that doctors should be in the business of saving lives, not ending them. Allowing physicians to support in suicides makes them accomplices in an immoral and unethical act. Every individual has dominion over their automobile trunk and should be allowed to decide when to end their life. To achieve that end, with dignity and without pain, doctors should be allowed to aid terminal patients by providing necessary doses of drugs (under the Oregon law, doctors are not allowed to administer the drugs they are only allowed to prescribe a lethal dose.) The o nly different places in the world that presently allow legalized euthanasia are Columbia, Japan and the Netherlands. Many pro-life activists believe that the choice between life and death belongs to God, not to an individual. Our society today does not condone suicide under any circumstances and at that place is no moral difference in this case. In addition, it is tangle that many terminally ill patients suffering extreme pain may not be competent to make a rational decision astir(predicate) whether they want to live or die. The role of doctors in this complex situation is to provide health check treatment when possible, and appropriate pain relief when treatment options have been exhausted. By assisting patients in suicide, doctors play a role that is contrary to the mission of their profession. An excelled example of physician-assisted suicide is the famous practice of Dr. Jack Kevorkian. In March 1999, he was convicted of second-degree murder and the delivery of a controll ed substance for assisting in the death of a terminally ill patient. For his participation in the mans death, which was videotaped and shown on the television show 60 Minutes, Dr. Kevorkian was sentenced to 10 to 25 years in prison. However, despite Dr. Kevorkians prison sentence, last October, the U.S. family of Representatives passed The Pain Relief Promotion Act, which encouraged doctors to take all possible action to relieve the pain of terminally ill patients, short of prescribing lethal doses of medication, however, currently Oregon is the only state that has legalized physician-assisted suicide.Dying With Dignity cordial issuesDying With DignityI am here today to explain the different legal aspects euthanasia and physician assisted suicide. There are two sides to this controversy, and their basic ideas are of the following terminally ill patients should be allowed to end their lives with dignity. Physician-assisted suicide is a compassionate solution to human suffering, and should not be criminalized, and that doctors should be in the business of saving lives, not ending them. Allowing physicians to aid in suicides makes them accomplices in an immoral and unethical act. Every individual has dominion over their body and should be allowed to decide when to end their life. To achieve that end, with dignity and without pain, doctors should be allowed to aid terminal patients by providing necessary doses of drugs (under the Oregon law, doctors are not allowed to administer the drugs they are only allowed to prescribe a lethal dose.) The only other places in the world that currently have legalized euthanasia are Columbia, Japan and the Netherlands. Many pro-life activists believe that the choice between life and death belongs to God, not to an individual. Our society today does not condone suicide under any circumstances and there is no moral difference in this case. In addition, it is felt that many terminally ill patients suffering extreme pain may not be competent to make a rational decision about whether they want to live or die. The role of doctors in this complex situation is to provide medical treatment when possible, and appropriate pain relief when treatment options have been exhausted. By assisting patients in suicide, doctors play a role that is contrary to the mission of their profession. An excelled example of physician-assisted suicide is the famous practice of Dr. Jack Kevorkian. In March 1999, he was convicted of second-degree murder and the delivery of a controlled substance for assisting in the death of a terminally ill patient. For his participation in the mans death, which was videotaped and shown on the television show 60 Minutes, Dr. Kevorkian was sentenced to 10 to 25 years in prison. However, despite Dr. Kevorkians prison sentence, last October, the U.S. House of Representatives passed The Pain Relief Promotion Act, which encouraged doctors to take all possible action to relieve the pain of terminally ill pa tients, short of prescribing lethal doses of medication, however, currently Oregon is the only state that has legalized physician-assisted suicide.

Ferrari Case Study

ENZO FERRARI The Making of the Motor Racing and Sport Cars Knowledge Cluster Case study of an inspired leader Piero Formica Taking its place to hold the others The complete consort dancing together. Eliot (1970) Little Gidding in the Four Quartets In 2002 Ferrari was awarded as the most respected Italian company in the world, according to a survey of more than 1000 top creationagers in twenty countries across the globe. Ferraris leg oddment extends well beyond the automotive world and force back step on it and sports-car industry, to r to each unity the broader business community as well as the general habitual.The legend has been built around the efforts and determination of his fo infra and mentor, Enzo Ferrari. There is an untold patch of the outstanding legacy that Enzo Ferrari left behind him. This is the invaluable contri notwithstandingion he made to the cosmos of a noesis cluster in the motor move and sports car industry. It deserves to be observed that the making of the Ferraris knowledge cluster bears much relation to the combined influence of opposite personalities, all strong and extremely demanding, who, to a greater or lesser extent, shared Extraordinary ingenuity and sensibility along with a way to face perish with humility. Strong credit and stubborn determination with which they pursued their objectives. Awareness of their worth, having started from scratch and knowing that results are obtained with struggle and diligence, not by chance or shortcuts. On top of these traits at that place was the Ferraris anticonformist posture. He was someone who thought for himself. His innovative daring made appealing to him to deal with young men endowed with freshness and imagination. . 1898-1917 On-the-field knowledge and prep Since the very early days of his education Ferrari was twitn by the tacit knowledge embedded in the field of the fathers experience as a rural metal worker. His fathers company, a piffling foundry, made sheds and ga ngways for the railroads in Italy. Ferrari was never interested in school. He had aspirations. One of these was to be a hunt car driver. Ferraris on-the-field education produced the cultural space which enabled, nourished and thrived formal education and training in sports-car.The case of Ferrari Owners Club Florida Region Drivers Education The school is recommended for anyone without probatory track experience or not completely familiar with the track, those who have never attended a formal driving school and anyone wishing to only become a better driver. A morning and after lunch classroom session combined with individual instruction and ample track clock time will greatly enhance comfort level at speed. Diploma will memorialize accomplishment as a Florida Region Driving crop graduate. All drivers will participate in one of three groupsThe beginning group is designated for drivers with little or no track experience, who simply wishing to drive on the track and enjoy their ca rs at a very controlled speed. The touring group is intended to allow enjoyment of your car at speeds greater than allowed on public roads. The sport group requires a full FIA rated fire suit including shoes, socks, and gloves. No passengers are allowed. A purchase order approved driving instructor may devil in the car with permission of the track steward. Speeds are not limited but must be well within the capability of the driver and the car.The club reserves the correct to determine, at the track, the appropriate run group for any participant. This decision will be based on prior training, experience and present skills. The track stewards decision will be Final and reflect a c oncern for the drivers safety as well as the safety of others. 2. At the end of the First World War Building informal and personal relationships, and from the know-nothing land ascending the steep slope of the Motor Racing Industry hill of knowledge Aged barely 20, Ferrari spent much of his time frequent ing the Bar de Nord on Turins Ports Nuova, getting to know people and making connections.He aimed at creating trust, fashion, roles, and maximising the joint harvest of personal relationships within his small groups of peers, interacting informally out of the shop floor. Sharing and learning in the cafe, even playing cards rather than playing by business cards in the meetings this was a common trait to the founders in most cases, blue collars and technicians of small companies in Italy. Ferrari got a job with CMN, a starter motor carmaker which concentrated on converting commercial vehicles left over from the war. His duties included test driving which he did in between delivering chassis to the coach builder.Through this necktie he got the chance to start cannonball along himself at a time when drivers were far from the celebrity figures they would subsequently become (ironically) under the byplay of team owners kindred Enzo Ferrari. In 1920 he finished second at the wheel of an Alfa Romeo in Targa Florio. Although Ferrari was a good racer, his talent was in the direction of governing body and handling of small details. 3. 1920s 3. 1 Creation of the Ferraris community of knowledge practice1 Throughout the 1920s Ferrari spent a lot of time judiciously massaging his commercial and engineering connections.He alike began surrounding himself with a loyal cabal of close collaborators, including Gioacchino Colombo the man who would eventually design the basic Ferrari car after masterminding the Alpha 158s under Ferraris patronage and former Fiat technician Luigi Bazzi, a man who would survive into the 1960s as possibly Enzos longest-standing lieutenant, having originally joined him in 1923. Bazzi had joined Alfa Romeo as long ago as 1922 after a spell in Fiats experimental department, and would later become tagged as the man who conceived the fearsome twin-engined Alfa Romeo Bimotore in the 1930s. . 2 Team make by an autocatalytic process Transforming personal knowledge into organisational knowledge Ferrari made Bazzi and Bazzi made Ferrari. Not only Bazzi was a valued technical guiding hand, but alike his long association with Enzo Ferrari enabled him to help smooth over the differences of opinion and temperamental problems which made working with his boss an increasingly unpredictable, sometimes tempestuous, challenge in later years. Through dialogue and discussion cognitive conflicts and disagreement were raised, which questioned the existing premises.This made possible the transformation of personal knowledge into organisational knowledge. During the time with Alpha Romeo, Bazzi was also responsible for tempting the highly respected engineer Vittorio Jano to leave Fiat to join the rival firm. Bazzi, who had also worked with Fiat, was at least partly responsible for persuading Ferrari that Jano was the right man for the job. Within months of joining Alfa, the ex-Fiat man was putting the finishing touches to the historic super charged 2-litre P2, which made its competition debut in 1924. 3. 3 Creative creation by unexpected events The origin of the Prancing Horse logo 7th June 1923 a sequence of events gave rise to what is unquestionably regarded as one of the most widely determine logos used by any car maker in history. That day Ferrari won the first Savio circuit, which was run in Ravenna, Italy. After the event, a man elbowed his way through to the front of the excited crush immediately surrounding Ferrari and shook the winner warmly by the hand. It turned out that this was the father of Francesco Baracca, the known First World War Italian fighter ace who shot down no fewer than 35 enemy planes during the conflict.Baraccas squadron had sported a shield in the centre of which was a prancing horse. Subsequently Ferrari met Francesco Baraccas mother, Countess Paolina. One day she said to him, Ferrari, why dont you put my sons prancing horse on your cars it would bring you luck. Thus was born the notew orthy Prancing Horse logo. The horse was black and has remained so. Ferrari added the canary yellow background because it is the colour of his town, Modena. 4. 1930s-1940s Clarity of vision and ambitious goals at the heart of Ferraris visionoer the 1930s Scuderia Ferrari was a small, self-directed division of the Alpha Romeo Company. At the heart of Ferraris disagreement with Alfa Romeo was the Milanese companys intention to re-enter motor cannonball along under its own name in 1938, the Alfa Corse organisation absorbing the Scuderia Ferrari operation and transferring the Tipo 158 development which was essentially a Ferrari design and concept back to Milan. Enzo Ferrari clearly felt affronted by this challenge to his own personal domain. His self-importance urged him to go his own way. Ferrari abandoned the existing patterns and practices.He did something when people said it is crazy to do it. 5. The origin of knowledge pools and a knowledge cluster of motor racing entrepreneur s long-standing rivalry and co-operation Interpersonal collaboration across multiple boundaries across cultures, functions, rivalries, geography featured in a mix of rivalry and co-operation between motor racing entrepreneurs. Which gave birth, first, to knowledge pools and, thence, to a knowledge cluster2 The springboards for innovation through collaboration, rivalry and creative imitation.In a personality-driven context, the key players were strong heart individualists endowed with a hedgehog-minded3 personality, who relate everything to a single central vision and focus maniacally on executing it. By raising rivalry but also building relationships among people, they made changes happened beyond the conventional wisdom horizon. 5. 1 The healthy rivalry Bitter rivals to fellow Modena racing entrepreneur Enzo Ferrari were the Maserati brothers, the founders of Maserati in Bologna, Italy in 1914.The Trident trademark that still identifies Maserati cars today was designed by Mario, the artist among the Maserati brothers, who drew his inspiration from the Giambologna statue of Neptune in Bolognas main town square. Sold the company to the Orsi family of Modena just before the Second World War, the firm was then moved to Modena where it is still based today. The brothers remained as technical collaborators for 10 years until 1948. In 1947, Enzo Ferrari founded the company that bears his name in Maranello, a few kilometres south of Maserati.This tag the beginning of their long-standing rivalry. Enzo Ferrari and Maserati brothers felt themselves reciprocally free when kept apart from one another in creating a new tier of intra-domain business in the motor racing and sports-car industry. The challenge, which displayed itself in constant new models with original technical solutions, developed along the roads where Maserati could construct a series of excellent versions in terms of performance but less extreme and aggressive than Ferrari.Customers started to make the ir choices known they were looking for a flexible and refined automobile, opting for the more conservative colours of the Maserati and for the change magnitude on-board comfort and liveability which Ferrari had neglected in favour of sporty essentials. Yet, the same forces that kept apart the founding fathers later on bound up the inheritors and successors. Once knotty in relationships with one another, they were no longer free They were part of the inexorable stream. Today Ferrari owns Maserati and together they form a specialised ndustrial group that is unique in the world. The two makes compete in complementary market sectors with cars that have different characteristics. While Ferrari offers compact two-door coupe and spiders for street use, which find their origins of design in the advanced testing ground of Formula 1, Maserati works in a different way. Maseratis, with equal technology to Ferrari, offer performance that is less extreme and a level of comfort and daily useful ness that allows it to stand out as an authentic grand touring vehicle of the highest level.Maserati and Ferrari have not lost the healthy rivalry of long ago. 5. 2 The chromatic handshake The Adam Smiths invisible hand of the market must be accompanied by an invisible hand shake. Over the past five decades, Ferrari and Pininfarina have had the worlds best-known and most influential association between an automotive manufacturer and a design house. Though Enzo Ferrari and Battista Pininfarina yearned to work with each other in the early 1950s, the road to international stardom was hesitant to start. Ferrari was a man of very strong character, Sergio Pininfarina recalls. Therefore, Mr. Ferrari was not coming to Farina in Turin, and my father was not going to visit him in Modena, which was approximately 120-130 miles away. So they met halfway in Tortona. That fateful rendezvous would alter the worlds automotive playing field. Everything became extremely easy once they sat down at the table, Pininfarina continues. They never spoke about any type of price. Both were very enthusiastic, for each thought, This will be great It was, I will give you one chassis, and you will make one car. The first steps were tentative, much like two outstanding dancers being paired for the first time. The initial effort yielded a handsome perfectly proportioned 212 Inter cabriolet that had its official public debut at 1952s Paris Auto Show. References Amidon, D. (2003), The Innovation SuperHighway, Butterworth-Heinemann, bleak York Berlin Isaiah (1953), The Hedgehog and the Fox, Simon & Schuster, New York, Crow, James, T. (1981), Ferraris Early Years. Road & Track 44 Forgacs, David and Robert, Lumley (1996), Italian Cultural Studies an Introduction, Oxford University Press.Oxford Formica , Piero (2003), Industry and Knowledge Clusters Principles, Practices, Policy, Tartu University Press Chapter 2 Galt, Tony (1997) Lecture Italy, University of Wisconsin, squirt Bay. Levin, Doron P. (1988), Enzo Ferrari, Builder of Racing Cars, is Dead at 90. New York Times, August 16. Section D23 Moritz, Charles (1968), Current Biography. 1968. New York H W Wilson Company 120- 122 Vorderman, Don (1980), The Man, The Myth, The Machine, Town & Country. February 26, 30, and 34 Web sites Ferrari History http//www. thecollection. com/new/maserati/history. htmHistory of Ferrari in Formula One http//home. clara. net/nigelk/history. htm Interview with Sergio Pininfarina, Automobilia, Milano, 1997 http//www. pininfarina. it/eng/history/cooperation/ferrari2. html Nre, Doug, An Appreciation of Enzo Ferrari, in Prova on-line Ferrari magazine Http//www. prova. com/ (look under Editorials) 51st Annual Pebble Beach concours delegance 19 Agust 2001 http//www. pininfarina. it/eng/press/edition/14. html Ferrari Owners Club Florida Region Drivers Educationhttp//www. focfloridaregion. com/education. htm 1 A community of knowledge practice is a constituency of many different characters. Thi s community helps to harness the creativity and promote cross-fertilization of ideas necessary for innovation (Formica 2003 Chapter 2 Amidon, 2003). The notion of communities of practice originated with John Seely Brown, the director of Xerox Corp. s Palo alto Research Center (PARC). Brown suggested that At the simplest level, they are a small group of people whove worked together over a period of time not a team, not a task force, not necessarily an authorized or identified groupThey are peers in the execution of real work.What holds them together is a common sense of purpose and a real need to know what the other knows. 2 Different communities of knowledge practice coalesce in a knowledge pool. Different knowledge pools form a knowledge cluster (Formica, 2003 Chapter 2). 3 The Greek poet Archilochus says The fox knows many things, but the hedgehog knows one big thing. The hedgehogs vision is of one, of a single substance. The hedgehog is a monist (Berlin, 1953).

Management accounting and decision making Essay

According to Burger (2008) chronicle is the language of demarcation. A lot of people hark back its just numbers, further its really a lot more than that. There atomic number 18 a lot of atomic number 18as outside of numbers that requirement to be looked at, processes and procedures, what the t 1 of the company is. score will take you in just about any direction in a company. Wade Becker, CPA, Beard, miller Co. The job description of many professions is changing nowadays. The skills to perform a certain job require more skills to perform a particular job. If an example of breeding Technology is to be taken then it is realized that once they were left to do IT related jobs or make computers acetify however, in todays world IT nonrecreationals be now moving into higher level perplexity positions which require them to perform many other tasks which may non be forthwith related to the their profession.Therefore, a stereotypical role of an accountant was once considered a number person but todays era demands account professional to own and use interactive and communication skills to help with the decision making process across all beas of a business. In a coach-and-fourial ex jutation world all professionals mustiness communicate their ideas to other companies using ways which atomic number 18 tactful and sound. Siegel (2000) states that prudence accountants should be great communicators. Durry C (1992) believes that focus account is concerned with providing information to carriages that is people inside an organization who direct and control the operations. In the 19th Century financial accounting was considered to be the need of a society which later evolved to Management accounting. Management accounting became a prerequisite for more detailed information for stock control, product belling and decisions affecting the future. Accounting is facing numerous challenges, as Elkington (1998) states business people must increasingly recognise th at the challenge now is to help to deliver simultaneously economic prosperity, environmental quality and social equity.All this is making business managers to re-examine the practices that are currently led. Cokins G and Hicks D believe that Managerial accounting is part of an organisations way information system. To follow any business or an organisation aim managers engage in activities which involve an effective cost model as it fuel be a great asset to an organisation. A business or projects to be a success or failure three things need to be considered, forexample, cost, schedule and performance. A project should be continued within the means provided otherwise stakeholders struggle to finance the project and its aban dod. A success of a manager is when appropriate tools are employed and sound safe decisions are made and follow on with applying substantial level of expertise to have effective cost management.The world today is surrounded by increasingly advanced technology suc h as computer assisted manufacturing and flexible manufacturing systems. According to Cokins and Hicks organizations to compete in effect need to understand the cost of each product or element of their value chain from product design and purchase of material therefore natural cost is very important as mentioned in Cokins and Hicks article because it accommodates critical for warring action and increasing shareholders wealth in the current globally rivalrous economy. Management accounting systems are the benefactors of the precarious internal cost information. There has been few criticisms leading to the literature of Management accounting system and it has been labeled over-the-hill and there has been criticisms linked to its consistency as it has been thought that it does not provide consistent information with the current strategic management paradigm.Cokins and Hicks believe that systems designs elements should capture the circuit cardinal technology, promote a business b ased on effective cost model, quality and lead time. Precise and appropriate cost information is critical to managements decision making procedures (Cokins and Hicks) and the literature existence studied reveals Management accounting system reflects the organizational complications of the current world however traditional Management accounting systems do not replicate current organizational era as all costing procedures were designed around late nineteenth century. In traditional era product line diversity was not very common and cost of materials and direct labour were the main components of production cost but the environment today is surrounded around advanced technology and automation and that has led the prime cost to be the overhead component. The overhead costs are altering product cost because of the old management accounting system techniques. Management accounting needs a unique set of skills and behaviour.According to Cokins and Hicks Accounting Management framework giv es business a planned approach to address all factors that will manage accounts interface and todays reality. Cooper and Kaplan believe there are six critical factors which play a crucial rolein Accounting Management framework which also backs Cokins and Hicks journal being studied for this assignment. The front one is organizational structure. It includes factors such as whom and how you manage accounts, why and how you organize around them. The second account management success factor is people as they need the appropriate skills, knowledge and skills to experience and perform the role. The third factor is tools and technology as it must support the account management processes and must labyrinthine sense help as control. The fourth one is compensations structures as they drive out inhibit change or accelerate adoption. The fifth account management success factors are processes and methodologies as they should align with the customer, drive growth and opportunity plan and the l ast factor channels and alliances must be managed effectively through the account manager interface.it is up to an organization to structure their useful employees around their key customers and that can create a deep impact on their performance. First few metric decisions need to be taken in terms of placement of accounts management resources such as market and territory.Cokins and Hicks believe management team need to plan using methodology a number of factors to create a ranking based on the business goal for the affiliation and business leader to deliver. Once these methodologies are selected they can play a racy role in team structure and it will help to deal with issues such as ownership or shareholders Cokins and Hicks discuss the difference between cost accounting and managerial accounting and the strength of their article is that managerial accounting is tied with GAAP whereas cost accounting is use within a business to manage that particular business.Accounting standard s of a country provide guidelines to an accountant so they can be used while reporting economic transactions of a business. United Kingdom accounting has improved a lot as mentioned in the journal being studied for this particular assignment. Managers have immense pressure to improve financial management practices to improve service to the community and it is not only done on national level. Managerial accountants have to keep accountant standards fair globally and that is mainly done through Accounting Standards Committee. What gets measured gets managed, What needs managed gets measured (Peter Drucker) notable quotes has cause many criticisms but if the practices and development mentioned in Cokins and Hicks journal are to be analyzed, one can conclude this quote has some truth. Managers of a businessoften use this quote indicates that active management of businesses should be given importance instead of accountability to gain desired goals. It will lead to inhabit in todays wor ld of information age competition therefore businesses should ensure they are using management systems resulting from their strengths.Any business main task is to develop an active measurement system as it is main part of the management process. Good management practices lead to using certain measures to plan, down and improve certain aspects of an organization. According to Kaplan, (1994) measurement is a difficult task because it is not related to science so there are no facts and does not have rules between variables. Furthermore, systems which are used by management accountants will make sure that actions are taken according to the strategies and objectives developed. There has been an immense step of research on management accountants and the research evidence has proved that businesses which are using a developed measurement system are developing and gaining benefit therefore, Gates (1991) states an organizations objectives and severity of measures, varies, depending on peo ple, culture and past experiences of the organization. The management accountant was developed after 1980s and it was seen a golden era in management accounting research as it saw red-hot techniques and practices beneficial to the management accounting.One of the techniques developed in 80s was strategic management accounting and some of the processes which menstruate under the category of strategic management accounting are activity based costing and balance scorecard. The balance scorecard emerged after it was realized that there is a need of an integrated system which can be used to measure both financial and non-financial performances. It helps companies to view their performances on a regular pedestal and it gave a clear view of what should be measured in order to balance a particular business financial sights. The balance score card consists of four functions known as learning and growth office. It means how to achieve a certain organizations goals and how will a business will sustain its ability to change and improve. the second perspective is financial and its aim is to succeed financially and is mainly concerned with making a good impression to shareholders. Another perspective is based on customers as they can determine sales and to achieve business goals a good impression is to be made upon customers.The last perspective is known as internal businessprocesses. It mainly deals with how to satisfy customers and shareholders and what business processes must a certain business excel as. (Kaplan and Norton1996) Balance scorecard is one of the necessities for any organization and it is used by the management to accomplish vision and strategies of an organization and it has few other benefits too such as, making sure managers are managing every single variable within an organization and are not working upon favoritism. If more developments are to be discussed and strength of Cokins and Hicks journal than one must not forget one of the major developmen t in an accounting field known as Activity-based costing. Kaplan and Cooper gave this idea a new extraction as it was not very well known in previous years. According to Kaplan (1996) manufacturing costs are determined by amount of activities and the key to effective cost control is maintaining the effectiveness of the activities alphabet recognizes better cost pools for indirect costs and then implies cost drivers to relate the expenses in the cost pools to activities of an organization. ABC has become more popular in recent years but faces a lot of criticisms too due to the fact that sometimes businesses face difficulties in implementing this technique.ABC is enhanced further by Activity-based management as they believe in planning and measurement and class them as key factors in a competitive business environment. To conclude, If an organization has accounts managers or not a success can only be achieved if a successful profile is valued. It can be done through an industry as i t will help determine to what extent an account manager is an industry expert and the second is through customers as it is vital for an accountant to understand the businesses being worked upon. The profession Accountancy has seen many developments and criticisms however, since 1980s there has been many changes in management accountancy. The new changes are focusing on measurement tools within a business to manage its aims and objectives.Management techniques are discussed briefly in this essay and they emphasize on Cokins and Hicks journal that management decisions can be made better by using effective management measurement tools and it leads to improving the management of an organization. There can be problem with new measurement techniques as nothing in life comes with a guarantee however, new ideas can be used on the basis of guess work and the new contributions could be a way forward.

About Nyc

Living in America is a fantasy for a for aspire me drug of people, but living in newly York metropolis is something even better, and more magical than any fantasy. Although regarded as the most populated metropolis in the united States, the whole city has something interesting to offer every sensation. It is sub divided into five boroughs , being Queens , The Bronx , Brooklyn , Manhattan , and Staten Island respectively . The landmarks in New York city ar cognise all over the world . There is the famous Statue of Liberty, Brooklyn Bridge, Wall Street, the sky scrapers, and the World Trade Center, now called ground zero.One of Manhattans famous landmarks is Times Square. diverse kinds of lights illuminate the area, where people are seen partying, having fun, and enjoying life. People from all over the world go to Times Square to defend a glimpse of much(prenominal) a beautiful sight. A New York trip will never be complete without a visit to Times Square. The skyscrapers are s o astonishingly long-legged and eye-catching. These buildings posses the most beautiful architecture I have ever seen in my lifetime. I think to myself, there are so many buildings here I find it hard to believe that man is capable of putting them up.The buildings look like they have plunged from GODs hand and landed at one spot. New York City is basically a crowded and small city. With a population of almost eight million residents, it is actually a mystery how such a braggart(a) population would fit in one city. During the day, the streets and the subways are filled with busy people, with the roads filled with cars and the continuous honking of vehicles. By night, stars are accompanied by the millions of lights that illuminate the busy streets. They call New York the city that never sleeps.Let me tell you something, this big city called The Big Apple is the capital of all the mod fashions and trends. Shops on the Fifth Avenue will specify you really feel like a Million Dollar person, while in Chinatown you can get the cheapest unbranded stuff that looks almost the same. You can go see the The New York Mets at Shea Stadium in Flushings, Queens, and The New York Yankees at Yankee Stadium in the Bronx. You can buy anything at anytime during the day or night because the shops never close.Walking down the Manhattan streets, its almost customary to smell the dirty dog of exhaust from thousands of cars. The smoke coming from Subway stations underneath the roads can get to your nostrils quicker than it can be seen. It almost makes you feel like if you are a big giant walking along houses under your feet that have smoke coming out of their chimneys. At the same time the smell of hotdogs stands, salted pretzel stands make you aware of their presence as your smell sensors go crazy, and start telling your brain to get some.You can try your best but the smell from Italian pizzerias will sure pull you in for a slice or two even if you are not a pizza lover. Then you have the fresh smell of different fruits coming from the fruit stands on the streets, reminding you that New York City even has choices for everyone even for healthy conscious ones. I lived and liked Brooklyn borough of New York City because it has so many Pakistani people, that its called Little Pakistan. There you will find tasty Indo-Pakistani food.Your taste buds will thank you for the spicy aroma, and substance of sensationalistic or beef kabobs perfectly done on clay oven called tandoor. Chicken curry, beef curry with freshly clay oven baked Naans, Bryani, or tandoori chicken will give you the perfect combination of spices, aroma, tenderness, and fill you right up for a very reasonable price. In Manhattan, during the winter time, you have the roasted cloying almonds, and roasted salted peanuts that make your whole body warm. After eating a few of those, you might not like hot cocoa again.Sounds of honking of cars are a part of life in this city. Living in the apartments, its normal for you to wake up at least 2 to 3 generation a night because of the sirens of Police or Fire trucks. Although you do not get to see any big planes over Manhattan anymore, but you hear the big planes roaring almost everywhere else reminding you of the fact that New York City is home to not only Westchester, Newark, but to big airports like JFK, and LaGuardia also. In winter, snowflakes are my favorite. speck the snow, falling generously, makes you feel like you are touching the clouds.On Brooklyn and Brighton beaches, you can touch the cold water, and hot sand, making you feel as if you were in Caribbeans. New York City never sleeps, so you can see, smell, feel, taste and touch so many things that you can go on and on about this great city, its beauty, and its wonder. here you can see so many different cultures, different worlds living in one small world. I know that experiences that I had in that city are so magical and extraordinarily special, they will always be wit h me where ever I go.

Deals with the Devil Essay

The have words is portrayed in many ways and throughout many different types of literature, movies, and music. The most iconic count on of the devil is a red beast with horns, a pointed tail, and a pitchfork in his hand. This famous image depicts an evil monster that is in the depths of hell where he rules over the other evil beings of the world. This is only one image of many that you domiciliate find in a vast amount of literature and media some(prenominal) past and present. In The tease and Tom Walker, the devil is described as a black woodsman, human in form but with red eyes. too in The dun and Daniel Webster, the Devil is described as a dark-dressed stranger, who is soft spoken but has an evil smile.In these descriptions you still overreach a find of evil from the Devil but he is in human form. So what or who is the Devil? From early stories in Christianity, Lucifer commonly kn admit as Satan or the Devil is originally an archangel created in the image of God. He is th e highest form of an angel, but challenges God and is cast down to rule the pits of hell. terminate someone created in the image of God as Christianity suggests be a dark stranger or a red beast? The Devil can be depicted in many ways, but what the Devil really represents is the existence greed and moral corruptness in society. Regardless of the imagery, the Devil plays a similar role throughout literature and media both past and present.One of the earliest stories of a man making a pact with the Devil is a character named Faust, from an old German legend. Faust was a brilliant scholar but always wanted more cognition. The Devil comes to him one night and promises him infinite comprehension for a certain amount of epoch after which Fausts soul would be owned by the Devil. Faust readily agrees and signs a contract with the Devil. Faust lives with his infinite knowledge until the year comes when the Devil comes to collect his soul. Faust is then taken by the Devil and spends the re st of eternity in hell. This story maybe one of the original stories of the Devil making a deal with a man for his soul. The Devil knows and uses the mans greatest desire to lure him into signing a contract to get his soul. Man is easily corruptible when promised his deepest desire and choses instant gratification without fully understanding or thinking of the repercussions.In Anne rices novel Memnoch the Devil, the Devil begins to stalk Lestate until one evening he appears to him and takes him on a voyage. Lestate is a very old and effective Vampire, known to only look out himself and his own needs. The Devil takes Lestate to Heaven and Hell where he tells Lestate the story of the beginning of time when God created the world and human beings. Memnoch, or the Devil, spent a lot of time on flat coat admiring Gods creation, but begins to notice the suffering and pain of human beings and the souls of deceased that are stuck in between Heaven and Earth. He describes God as uncaring of the evil in the world he created and begs God to do something to help the humans that are suffering on Earth and Sheol, which is the afterlife. Memnoch claims that he is not evil in fact he was an archangel created in Gods image, but because he questioned God several multiplication about why he is letting humans suffer God gets angry.God casts him out of Heaven to find all the lost souls on ball and Sheol that he thinks deserves to be in the Kingdom of Heaven, before Memnoch can return. This turns out to be a daunting task and he enlists Lestate to be his partner and obstructionist of God. This journey throws Lestate to question everything he has ever known about God and the Devil, sfor he has lived centuries and had dismissed such notion that Heaven and Hell exist. Lestate ends up cut from the Devil and when he returns to Earth he steals a biblical artifact, Veronicas Veil, he reveals the artifact to the world. In the end it is revealed that the Devil was only using Lestate by allowing him to return with an artifact that would renew faith in God and therefore limit the amount of souls sent to Hell. In this story the Devil is artful and cunning though he claims he is not evil. Although Lestate never made a deal with the Devil, the Devil won by using Lestates narcissism for his own purposes.In the Phantom of the Opera, a popular Broadway show, one can view the Devil as the representation of the masked phantom in the opera house. The young understudy Christine hears a beautiful voice calling to her when she arrives at the opera house. She had heard stories of an Angel of harmony who could give her a more powerful and beautiful voice and readily begins to sing with the Devil. A series of mysterious accidents forces the lead singer to lose her voice therefore losing the star role in the opera. Christine is the given then given the lead role after her voice improves drastically while practicing with the Devil. The Angel of Music takes Christine to the depth s of the opera house tunnels against her will. Christine is in get along with another man, who searches for her in the tunnels of the opera house.The Devil captures Christines love and tells her he will kill him if she doesnt stay with him. This story is similar to the pitiful stories of The Devil and Tom Walker and The Devil and Daniel Webster, in that the characters make a deal with the Devil to improve some aspect of their lives but when the Devil wants to collect on their deal none of the characters want to go willingly. One noticeable difference between the stories is that in the end of The Phantom of the Opera Christine shows kindness to the Angel of Music and he lets her go and he disappears forever leaving only his mask behind. Overall mankind has shown a pattern of making deals with the devil for their desires to their own detriment.From the short stories of, The Devil and Daniel Webster and The Devil and Tom Walker, to the legend of Faust, and the Phantom of the Opera mu sical you can see similarities in all the characters desiring something unattainable. The Devil then comes to them and promises to deliver their wishes for a small price, merely their souls for the rest of eternity. The Devil feeds on the lack of moral integrity and uses this to gain power over these characters souls. On the other hand, in Memnoch the Devil, Anne Rice changes the deal with the devil theme because Lestate never actually bargains with the devil, none the less the Devil gets what he desires. As you can see, literature and other mediums have fit the story of making a pact with the Devil in many ways.Works CitedFaust. (n.d.). Retrieved 10 8, 2012, from Wikipeadia http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faust Rice, A. (1995). Memnoch the Devil. Knopf.The Phantom of the Opera. (n.d.). Retrieved 10 8, 2012, from Wikipedia http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera

Alibaba Case Study Essay

1.Lock-in effect is the phenomenon whereby technologies remain dominant as a result of large sunk enthronisation costs, complimentary technologies, and widespread usage. Since Alibaba.com is the first portal market m all over in China, it will be difficult to create another portal market which is safe as successful as Alibaba.com. The lock-in effect causes people to have preference for Alibaba.com than any other portal market because they have already established their brand. well-nigh customers also develop loyalty while other prefer brands that are familiar to them. It was also mentioned that many of Alibaba.coms registered members are happy with the results they obtain, as indicated by the annual membership renewal rate, which exceeds 70%. This just further proves that it will be very difficult for a second mover or a new portal market to compete with Alibaba.com since they provide excellent service to their customers.2.Alibaba.com charges contrary sellers an annual fee of abou t $400 for a TrustPass membership because he sees that global companies focus in doing business with large companies. In order for global companies to do business with SMBs in China and all over the world, Alibaba.com created an affordable deal which is the annual fee of $400 for a TrustPass membership.However, SMBs in China pay $8000 as their annual membership fee because by being members of Alibaba.com, these SMB save a handful amount of money by being registered to Alibaba.com, they no longer need spend extensive money to tour and meet with suppliers. This fee is also charged because Alibaba.com translates and lists their information. In summary, Jack Ma charges SMBs a higher price because companies like these needs Alibaba.com. However, it is Alibaba.com that needs the foreign companies in order to work with SMBs that are pursuing to do business internationally.

Alternative Medicine and Conventional medicine

Shahrzad Nikkhah Professor Keafer English 200 29 november 2012 Alternative medication Growing up in a family that has been using herbal music for years became a motivation for me to further my knowledge of this ancient practice of substitute medicine . The world health organization has announced that about 65 and 80 percent of worlds population habits traditional medicine, since the growing public opinion is that to get cured of disease you need to get to the root of the problem, and reach beyond the physical body.According to all the research it seems that alternative medicine is more efficient , more economical , less invasive and harmful than conventional medicine. While It has been proven that state of see and body are linked directly , mind body medicine helps in healing the body by changing the persons attitude which effects the immune endocrine and nervous system, eon stressed mind interrupts the functioning of the immune system and causes disease. More and more people are relying on the power of prayers , meditation , and herbal medicine to nourish their body from negative effect of stress hormone and proper break down of food in body.It has been shown that alternative medicine has helped many with depression and degenerative pain, hypertension, and diabetes. Conventional medicine is a quick fix which prevents the body from stimulating the immune system to fight an infection as in antibiotics which destroys the valuable bacterium that helps with digestion. Since the production of antibodies slows down, it prevents the future healing. CAM ( another name for alternative medicine ) helps promote natural healing process while it has by far less look effects and harm to the other organs resulting in a long term benefit.Due to low cost of CAM higher low income population can brook the health care, while the conventional medicine cost has been on the rise over inflation and wage growth. With the 13 percent of 38 million adults who use CAM in conju nction with conventional medicine in the last year the poorer population with no health insurance has been benefiting from this method of treatment, since herbs is easier to obtain , naturally in stock(predicate) and do not to be researched.Although , alternative medicine is not completely reliable to be used on serious illnesses many Americans have dour to alternative practices since they have not seen any positive results from standard medical or surgical treatment or because the traditional treatments are too high-priced or dangerous. Most alternative medicine principle is to eradicate the problem from its roots. With serious dedication , discipline , and change of life style alternative medicine is personalized to suit the needs of individual.Works Cited Grodjesk,Joe. Sociology Of Medicine Alternative Medicine. customessaymeister, May 5,2001 web. Crisenri. Pros and cons of alternative medicine. page1,June 2008 Diggs, Charles Alternative medicine research papper. Oct 20,2009 web. Epiro, E. and Nancy Walsh. Alternative MedicinePart Two head word Body MedicineExpanding Health Model. Patient Care 15 Sept. 1997 127-145. Smith, Brad. Alternative Treatments Gain Acceptance. Denver Business Journal 18 July 1997 2B-4B.

Animal Farm and Lord of the Flies Essay

In 1887 Lord Acton wrote in a letter to Bishop Mandell Creighton, Power tends to corrupt, and absolute superpower corrupts absolutely. It has a good deal been illustrious that this is the primary theme in both Animal Farm and Lord of the Flies. In addition, these books share devil sub-themes related to this primary theme. One sub-theme is that people allow for often abuse power when its not earned. The another(prenominal) is that when given the opportunity people will often degrade others to ensure their own security. two books rely heavily on symbolism, as well as the actions of their characters, to express these ideas. Consequently, both these novels show us what a frightening place the world evoke become if people ignore the principles of civilization as we know it.In both books, for different reasons, the characters create their own governments, and some of them soon begin to appropriate and abuse power. For example, in Animal Farm seven commandments were written on the wall, a few of them were No animal shall sleep in a bed, No animal shall drink down another animal, No animal shall drink alcohol. When adept of the pigs, named Napoleon, took over he gradually changed the commandments. For instance, he changed the commandment No animal shall kill another animal. to, No animal shall kill another animal with fall out cause. In Lord of the Flies there are several examples of characters abusing power. One of the characters, named Ralph, had originally started a democratic form of government. Two of the boys, Roger and Jack, eventually started there own form of government and took over. Jack fell in love with his new found power and became dictator to the boys. He even started a hunt to kill Ralph simply because he felt Ralph was a threat to this power.Because several of the characters in both books were insecure, they would often degrade others to improve their own security. This occurred in Animal Farm several times. For instance, there were two cha racters who always seemed to disagree (Snowball and Napoleon). Whatever one said the other would put it down or find something wrong with it, even if he actually agreed. Napoleon even urinated on Snowballs plans for a windmill and ruinedthem. In Lord of the Flies there are several examples of insecure characters downing others to improve their own security. For example, Roger, Jack, and even Ralph make fun of one of the other boys they call Piggy because he is overweight. Roger is so insecure he even kills Piggy because Piggy makes him feel threatened by contradicting his ideas and putting out his own ideas that were sometimes better than Rogers.These books are both amazingly written and similar in several ways, but there is one major difference. The two books end with completely different views of civilization. Animal Farm ends with the animals not being able to tell the humans and the pigs apart, showing that evil had won. However, in Lord of the Flies, Ralph realizes when he se es the pigs head (which is used to represent evil) in its pristine state, that even in all this savagery and evil some good may occur. Right after he realized this, a ship pulled up and rescued the boys. The themes of both books are true to the dark side of human nature. Golding holds out a tiny thread of hope Orwell lets us see the bad things that could happen and leaves us to figure out how to prevent them.

Diagram Architecture

see Response (Diagrams Matter by Stan Allen) A plot architecture is not necessary an architecture produced through with(predicate) diagrams. Instead, diagram architecture is an architecture that behaves like a diagram, indifferent to the specific meaner of its realization. (Par. 13) This paragraph points out the dissolvent that beginners architecture students struggled to find. In the process of design, I try to find the potential through the translation from ingenuousness to the abstract diagram.While I wonder if the architecture should carefully be developed room the compend the images representing the ingrained information. Comparing the disceptation of Stan Allen to the analysis project for this semester, I realized, the diagrams give us the chance to study and give rise in a special way by not duplicating what is already given. Since nothing can tuck architecture without having been first converted into graphic form, the actual mechanism of graphic conversion is fun damental. In my opinion, the implement of diagram does not describe the actual object but shows the relationship between different elements or technique that was used to mom up with one simple design idea. Most students in architecture usually struggle to make an efficient diagram to show things such as innovation, process and analysis drawing. Thinking about the feature of diagram, the visual character is to represent the simplicity of an object.To me, it meaner the diagram is abstract gibe to represent the idea and the process of design. But Stan Allen defines the diagram as the organization, description of potential relationships among elements, not lonesome(prenominal) an abstract model of the way things behave in the world but a map of attainable orals. (Par. 1) And these possible worlds became full of invisible images and information opposing to materiality of buildings.In this invisible time, the diagram has potential to be efficient method as well as strong tool in arc hitecture because a diagrammatic practice locates itself between the actual and the virtual. Stan Allen argues and states a lot of architects portfolios, theory and practice who do use diagrams to create architecture. He does believe they are not Just a single statement but rather they are transposing ideas rather than translating them. We generate diagrams to create new ideas.He even goes as furthest as dividing the diagrams into stages of generating ideas, to communicate. Overall, diagramming helps to gather all information/data that surround a project, compare relationships and lay hold of (on new information that might help to design effectively. The most difficult bridge to cross is applying ones diagram and relationship to the overall design. From this reading, I am convinced diagrams helps to manipulate information to symbols to understand the basic concept of a design.

Tropical fish Essay

equatorial weight by Doreen Baingana is a accretion of linked short stories which was published in 2005. In this writing, we will be discussing on the novel and a critical review of the novel paying more attention to the novels context, theme, style and ideology.Doreen Baingana grow up in Entebbe, Uganda, and now divided her time between Uganda and the United States her bood, Tropical fish won the 2006 common wealthiness writers prize, best first bood, Africa, and an AWP short fiction award.She graduated from Makerere university with a JD, and from the university of Maryland with an MFA while at Makerere university Baingana was an brisk member of FEMRITE-Uganda Women Writer Association, which she has referred to as a literary home of sorts.Tropical fish by Doreen Baingana is a collection if octad linked short stories closely tether sister- Patti, Rosa, and Christine- as they journey through demeanor in the town of Entebbe, Uganda. The explanation is a bildungsroman. With th e exception of lost in in Los Angeles, all eight stories are set in Uganda and they all deal with the choice they made and where it led them even though the story was set in the period after Idi Amins misrule abd the deterioration that was impossible itself on the coun canvas, politics was never the object, except in whatsoever placeswhere references are made to it such as when an ex all-european school was left to deteriorate and the seventy-two hours ultimatum given to the idians in Uganda to leave.The story begins with Green stones as the youngest of the three daughters admires her mothers jewellery purchased by her husband anytime he arrives from the numerous fraves.The title story Tropical Fish is the story of Christine, before she left for the US, and her newly found boyfriend, quill, an expatriate who exports tropical fish. The story is about the high-risk teenage vitality of sex, drinking and abortion. Peter and Christine met the dated almost instantly. They started havin g sex in peters huge white house located in a plush hill aggrandisement residential area christine got pregnant just now would not tell peter because he might believe she pauperizations his money.Doreen Bainganas Tropical fish works to undercut monolithic nations of Africa young-bearing(prenominal) experience of womanhood. The writer consciously writes against the stereotype of Africa woman as victim. Bainganas shot stories linked three sisters, forming a family that is stronger than its individuals parts, providing a transition of perspectives on growing up Afri shtup, Ugandan and relatively privileged. This form and narrative technique is a divergency from traditional, postcolonial womens coming of age, in that it provides the perspectives of three very different young women at different developmental stages. In this way, Tropical fish works to undercut monolithic notions of Africa female experience of womanhood.Baingana provides a rough and complex picture of middle-class African womanhood within a specific urban location. As the nipperren of government buveaucrats, the three sisters attend the best schools in Entebbe, are sent to prestigious private boarding schools, and are part of the elite at Makerere University. In the words of rosa, one of the sisters, the girls are. The cream of the crop. hunger is in like manner written from oldest sisterThe writer Doreen Baingana to a fault focused on the minutiae of the girls lives, rather than bigger governmental themes in the volatile period after Idi Amins dictatorship, is a strategic choice the story demonstrates the ways in which ordinary people go about living their lives, sun living political repressions and economic decline. With Tropical fish Baingana has also startedto create a new language for exploring week female subjectivity. Though some stories will grip the proofreader more than others, the collection gives singular insights into womens lives on the African continent and in the diapora , and will be useful for exploring race class and identity in a womens studies classroomBainganas Tropical fish explores some thematic preoccupation in which some of them will be discussed Sex and relationship The story Tropical fish is a refusal to obtain ashamed of sexual pleasure in the face of nightmarish circumstances, a riposte to the politics of respectability and that often get in the way of dealing with the epidemic, and it draws together the rest of the stories ever bringing some previous characters back which are all about female hungers and desires in one way or another. Family saga The novel is about series of short stories connected into one modern day Uganda familys history. It in reality gives a flavor of modern east African life. The author so subtly sands the reader into the upheaval of an upper-class family upended by an angry alcoholic father, the post Amin era, the protagonists eransition from African to American and back again. Indecency on campus This can b e seen in the way peter lives his life by drinking on campus. Also, the way Christine lives her life as a young girls shows indecency. Exploitation This can be seen when a white man exports exotic fish. Peter exports tropical fishes in so many a(prenominal) parts of the world.Explaining Doreens style of writing, firstly on how she came up with the title for the book, Doreen explains that she intends. The fish as a metaphor for the lives of the three sisters. Swimming through life with this rough and calm water. Doreen also tells the audience that adults try to suppress the child in them, but she has found writing as a way to unsuppress the child in her, this is especially evident in the first story Green StoresAlso, Doreen Baingana uses sex to lead us into a scientific question to put out our hypothesis in form of research. Tropical fish looks like a vividly narrated story. Doreen description of tropical fish is a unique form of mundane life practice in our planet that humans and a nimals do to succeed in getting there, where they want to be in life.Doreen Baingana exemplifies the deep rooted African problem of abusive relationships that our women find themselves in but can not end due to cultural sanctions. The story Tropical fish also dissects a domestic crisis that men have long ignored selfishly, with consequence weighing heavily on women. Doreen also uses the estimation of addressing culture and identity with so much history. It is crystal clear from Doreens outline and her idea that we virtually labor for everything that we do be it for pleasure or game. Nothing good comes easily.After having a critical study on the novel Tropical fish by Doreen Baingana, we have discussed so out-of-the-way(prenominal) about the author, the summary of the novel, the context of the novel which is African female experience of womanhood, the thematic preoccupation, the style at which the writer writes the play in which she makes use of narration and also, the writers ideo logy on the novel.

Analysis of “Music and Lyrics” Essay

Music and Lyrics revolved around the relationship that was marque between Alex F allowcher (Hugh Grant), former 80s bolt d have got star, and Sophia Fisher (Drew Barry more(prenominal)), Alexs plant keeper and a copy inditer for her familys exercising weight loss center. More than any occasion else, Alex was portrayed as a washed-up 80s pop star who had nothing left in his career but a bunch of country fair and amusement park performances definitive of a nostalgia circuit as well as a hardly a(prenominal)er mettlesome school reunions here and thither (Moviefone 2007).He had anformer(a) observe to becoming somewhatbody in the medicament diligence as pop diva Cora Corman commissioned him to hold open and record a duet with her (Moviefone 2007). This was under the pretense that he was press release to write and compose a hit melodic phrase for her in just now a few days. This be a problem for him because he had not actu whollyy composed anything for years and he found it unexpressed to work with anyone else except for Colin, his former band mate from their group Pop. Colin was the one who got famous surface of all told the members of Pop. Sophie Fisher enters the scene as Alexs substitute plant-keeper whom he recognized to project a natural flair for writing witty lyrics. He discovered her fear of committing to write again aft(prenominal) a traumatic relationship with former professor and famous novelist Sloan Cates (Moviefone 2007). However, discovering that they had real chemistry writing the nervous strains and off the job, they in the long run gave themselves the chance at love and success they way they never thought they deserved (Moviefone 2007). Protagonist bookingThey say that a word-painting is exactly as good as its degrees problem, because the stronger the conflict, the more chance that would be generated into the energy of the picture shows screenplay (Whitcomb 2002). The moment the conflict appears that would be the epoc h wherein the floor has really begun until then that would be weakens that are considered setup, background and exposition (Whitcomb 2002). Basically, the Conflict is the heart of the romance in a very real sense its what keeps it pumping, desexs the blood race through and through its veins, and brings it to spirit (Whitcomb 2002, p.56). External Conflict began upon Alexs realization that he was really an established has-been, although his reaction to this may be more of an internal conflict, how the world saw him served as an external one. Following the premise above, the story of this movie rattling started when he was presented to be die of the show called Battle of the Has-Beens. The format of this show actually presented him in a comical dispirit wherein throng return to see the people who were stars before and are not stars anymore, thus the term has-been because they had been stars.If this announcement to world was not embarrassing gravid, stars of the onetime( prenominal) had to battle it come on in the boxing ring for an different chance to perform before the audience. The show was not only demeaning it portrays them as pathetic stars that missed the limelight so badly that they had to go through some great lengths of boxing with distributively other. It symbolized Alexs stature in the industry, as a washed up pop singer. After such interview with the producers, Alex was faced with other realities such as show abidecellation.He was recalln another realization how society found him replaceable and disposable. He show at Knots pick was cancelled, make up as he considered it one of the biggest gigs he had since the fall of his stardom. It was this realization of publics perceptual experience that made Cora Corman, famous but eccentric pop star during that time, and her offer to Alex to compose a song for her an drawing deal. However, with this offer came high stakes because Cora had burstn Alex merely enough time to compose and to write the lyrics of a song for her in just a couple of days.When the dilemma of writing a song was addressed because of the presence of Sophie, another external conflict broke fall out as they found out how Cora wanted to do the song. Her treatment of the song was unalike from the sweet and witty love song Sophie and Alex ab initio had in mind. It was turned into something erotic and sexual more than macrocosm romantic. Sophie was appalled by it because she felt it was a destruction of the creative unity of their work. During that time, she tried her hardest to fight against succumbing to what Cora wanted to do with the song.Being a first-time lyrist to work in the practice of medicine industry, she appeared naive enough to put more pressure of Alex virtually changing the song back to how it was supposed to be. The final external conflict was the pressure for Alex to give in to the reinvigorated treatment of the song, no matter how, farfetched it was from his original comp osition, only to have another chance to present him in the pop industry. On the other hand, the external conflict for Sophie was with this professor, Sloan Cates. He has been the one who had written closely her in his novel and poked fun of everything she felt insecure about.The presence of the novel Sally Michaels has quasi(prenominal)ly brought Sophie shame, the homogeneous way Alex felt shame as his career similarly went bug out the drain. The mere arrogance of Sloan after(prenominal) Sophie and Alex confronted him, caused as well as oft pain and shame for Sophie realizing that she still could not talk up to him after all those time. Internal The news that he was being considered in the Battle of Has-beens was acceptable to Alex in the surface. But upon designed that instead of performing, he was, asked to go on that point to box it out for a final song, and then it dawned on him just how low his career has gotten.Although, he would be the first one to admit he was a has-been there were certain areas in the tear wherein he would feel the shame of it, like the high school reunion he performed at when he pulled a hip muscle and the time at the carnival wherein he did not want to do his last song anymore before Sophie advance him to do so. His battle with accepting his fate as a has-been was one thing, but there was besides his fear of composing again and writing lyrics. The breakup of the band Pop for him was more scourge for him than he would than he would let people see.He tried to come up with his own alone album after the band broke up but he struggled to keep his pride after that was a flop. He besides struggled internally with what he was going to do about the changes in the song. He wondered if he was going to walk away from the project like Sophie did or was he about to give up Sophie, a woman who had brought inspiration back to his life. Sophie had a lot of internal conflicts as well. She had to be forced to write the lyrics for Al exs project because of how she struggled with Sloans fictional novel that was based on her life.She refused to write for him knowing she was not good enough. She did not acknowledge how she did not feel that way before the concomitant with Sloans novel that actually destroyed a part of who she was. She felt she was not good enough because of how her former professor had treated her, calling her a mimic and someone who without following the styles of her contemporary writers would have no creative genius of her own. She struggled to mother her own creative self-worth after that. She also struggled when Cora had a different idea she had in mind about the treatment of A Way Back into Love, the song she and Alex created.She refused to get on with the project if it was like that. However, she felt Alexs despair of seeing this as his last chance in the industry. She was torn between that and how she was furious about Alexs inability to stand up for the integrity of their work. She was t orn because she had pure tones for Alex as well. Moral Component Much of the moral component found in the film laid in the fact that Alex and Sophie struggled to maintain the creative integrity of their work. It showed a behind-the-scenes peak into the pressures of the business.It showcased how a work that is entirely different would make into something erotic and sensual in order to appeal to the public. Sophie was so appalled by this change in the song because the erotic version took away what the song actually stood for. She did not want Alex to make a comeback that did not reflect who he was. She wanted him to make one that actually displayed his sensitive and honest side. Both of them knew that the revised version of the song did nothing of that mixed bag nevertheless, Alex went ahead with it.Although, there was a falling away that took place between them, in the end, Alex did the right thing of maintaining the songs original composition. He even got the chance to write a son g of his own for Sophie as well. Another component laid in the fact that Alex stood up for Sophie when she could not do so for herself against Sloan. Their experience together had taught them much more than writing a new song but being able to see themselves for the worth that they had as people and as artists.It showed how even if in the past, they had been turned down and their talents did not calculate good enough, it should not have defined them as people the way they allowed it to happen. It showed how other people, like practice of medicine critics or famous novelists, cannot have that much power on them that they are constrict artistically. It is only when they had let go of baggage from the past and used all their pain to fuel their creativity that they were able to complete the song. Mise en Scene Mise-en-scene literally means put the scene in cut and was a term used in theater (Kolker 2005).When used in film, it points towards the totality of the composition of the t hrust (Kolker 2005). It refers to the framing, movement of the camera and characters, lighting, set design and general visual environment, even sound as it helps epicurean the composition (Kolker 2005). It is also the articulation of cinematic space wherein space was used to help tell the story (Kolker 2005). The principle of cutting also falls under mise-en-scene as it determines what goes on in that busy space (Kolker 2005). In the movie Music and Lyrics, the shots followed a basic flow. It flowed from one scene to another.It did not have anything philia or dramatic. It served as a basic canvas that reserved much of its charms to the actors and own presence on the screen. However, a lot of the shots were similar to music television systems as the movie revolved around the music industry of the 80s and the present. The movie opened with a Pop music video that represented the 80s and soon showed a music video Cora Corman was shooting that represented popular music in the 21st c entury. When it came to framing, there were a few instances wherein they would be held at quite close or tighter shots to focus on the actors.The framing was basic shots to let the actors witty banter to shine more than anything else. Everything was kept to a minimal so as not to serve as a distraction as this film was mostly about the comedic script and the charm of the actors. There were also instances wherein the shot began from the tele fancy screen that overcomes the whole shot and there was a similar one that had an entire magazine cover of Cora taking up the whole shot. such were done to establish how the movie had a pop write up and that such symbolisms represented the music industry, through MTV shows and teen magazines.There were also instances wherein they used old techniques like the shot panning from the wall to the actors or the ring actually panned through the fixtures of the apartment like the column inside the apartment. It was reminiscent of the old shots they u se for movies that give it the old feel to it. The camera, the lenses, the lighting instruments and other tools are used photographically to create the feel, and to fulfill the vision of how the film should look like (LoBrutto 2002). In this case, the lighting of the film reflected the mood of the characters.There had been instances wherein Alex was not feeling very confident about himself wherein there was less light available on the screen. This can also be attributed to the street scene wherein it was dark outside. However, it was noticed again when he and Sophie were stuck on the lyrics of the song wherein it was also dark. There was also noticeable parts wherein the nice moments Alex had with Sophie were represented by soft bright lights that was reflected the warmth of Sophies persona. She always seemed like there was some glow to her every time she was in the scene.The light also played an important factor in terms of marking time. Since they only had a few days to finish t he song, it showed how when it was dark again or morning again another day has passed by and they were closer to the deadline. It showed how they stayed up, pulling an all-nighter to finish the song. There were exaggerated lights used in the Pop music video as they way they did it in the 80s. It was in comparison with the more modern lights Cora had in the shooting of her music video. They were also red lights in Coras dressing room area that established her eastern inclinations.cinematic tools do not only include skills in cinematography, sound and production design, it also includes editing (LoBrutto 2002). The editing for this movie was simple using cut-to-cut transitions that are widely used for television and movies to avoid distraction from other kinds of transitions. The production design includes the physical environment of the movie that would be constituted by the sets, the location (LoBrutto 2002). It also includes the costume designs as well as the hair and makeup requi red for the shot. This film called for a particular set design because of its reference to the music of the 80s.Since Alex was a member of the 80s pop band, Pop, there was a exigency to create the set of a 80s music video. The look was cheesy and over-the-top they way they used to do it with red backgrounds and checkered black and white ones. Their costumes were also of the way they used to dress that was more on femininity of tuxedos they were wearing. Such outrageous costumes went together with the eye shadow and eyeliners that were descriptive of the style in that music generation. It was held in comparison to the modern style of music videos with Coras video.It showed more skin and the sex appeal was different as it was more erotic than the bubblegum love songs the Pop band had. Not that the context of Coras songs were deeper, they just presented pop in a more sexual manner. There were already dancers that backed her up and much use of the smoke machine. The other sets included Alexs apartment that played a part in the story as Sophie wanted to move around the furniture in her hopes to get lyrics out of it. The major pieces of furniture that was important in telling the stories were the grand piano, the large couch chair and the plants that Sophie was drowning.A notable set that was created for this movie was the enormous Buddha on the stage designed for Coras concert. It was such an distrustful set that intentionally desperately tried to incorporate Coras Buddhist influence with her music even if it was not so relevant. Sound was a very important factor to this film because a large percentage of it was about musical performances. Most of the sound design for this film relied on staying true to the 80s theme with the songs that were used for this film like Pop Goes my Heart and the songs that it was contrasted to with Coras sensual songs like Welcome to shekels town.Another area of sound was the piano Alex played as he tried to compose the song. It also included his jiving jeopardy tune that he used to pressure Sophie finish the songs. Part of the greatest charms of the movie, was the part wherein Alex and Sophie recorded the demo for Cora in Alexs own mini-studio in his apartment. Narrative The personalities of the characters were essential in the register of the movie. Alex was dryly straightforward yet witty. Sophie talked too much and was paranoid yet naive at the aforementioned(prenominal) time.The other characters like Rhonda, Sophies sister was the strong one in her household but she was also an Alex-fanatic. Ray, Alexs manager, was ever supportive of him. Cora was an epitome of a pop icon of todays time beautiful, eccentric and sensual. Each of the characters represented something the moviegoers could relate and empathize with (Tan 1996). Their little flaws and quirks were what made them charming because the viewers can see a part of themselves or somebody else in them. It makes them relatable to the audience (Tan 1996).T he viewers were drawn because of Sophie and Alex interchange their witty banters and has come to the point of liking each other despite their own oddities. Audience could find the narrative relatable because it spoke of a generation that most of them have undergone or are in. Most of it involved, a generated of music videos. Even if, most were not former pop stars, interests were still aroused because of their interest in the music industry and social cognition of what was going on with the movie with what they know happen in reality (Tan 1996).Most of all, the narrative worked because of the presence of music. Something most people can relate to and most people are interested in. There was an excellent metaphor that the actors have used in terms of using music and lyrics in reference to relationships. It also serves as a theme for the movie itself. When Alex referred said it was just lyrics. Sophie argued that lyrics were important as well. She referred to melody as meeting someon e for the first time and the physical draw poker that came with it it was related to sex in a relationship.On the other hand, once the couples get to know each other that turn into the lyrics wherein their story actually unfolds and reveals who they were. The combination of sex and the knowledge of each other was what make the relationship magical. Lyrics A Way Back into Love was the song Cora wanted Alex to compose. Listening to the lyrics actually summarizes much of the emotions and the thoughts that went on between Alex and Sophie, as well as the things each of them had been through in the past.The cloud above my bed symbolized how long they prevented themselves from moving on because of the fear they had due to past rejections. The following verses reflected exactly that aspect Ive been lonely for so long, trapped in the past, I just cant seem to move on It can be just a love song about past heartbreaks but it reflected the struggles Alex and Sophie had in the past about thei r careers. It also showed that the someone to shed some light was the person they found in each other. The chorus and other verses about dreams being kept in a box reflected their hope to find the joy that they had lost in the past.The song Alex composed by himself had similar charms to A Way Back into Love, he sang Dont Write Me Off at Coras concert. It basically spilled everything he felt about his life saying Im joyous to live my so-called fallen glories and how he felt about Sophie with charismatic antics like its not just my furniture youve rearranged and now I need you despite the fact that youve killed all my plants. References Kolker, R. (2005). Film, form and culture. fall in States McGraw-Hill. Also retrieved on November 29, 2007, from http//userpages. umbc.edu/landon/Local_Information_Files/Mise-en-Scene. htm. LoBrutto, V. (2002). The filmmakers guide to production design. New York Allworth Press. Music and lyrics. (2007) Moviefone. Retrieved on November 29, 2007 from http//movies. aol. com/movie/music-and-lyrics/25137/synopsis. Tan, E. (1996). Emotion and the structure of narrative film Film as an emotion machine. Mahwah, NJ Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Whitcomb, C. (2002). The writers guide to writing your screenplay How to write great screenplays for movies and television. Canada Kalmbach Publishing Co.

Corruption of Power †Macbeth Essay

Shakespeares crashing(a) and tragic play Macbeth, written in the seventeenth century, portrays blind inspiration, appearances can be deceiving and corruption of power. It follows the reasons back Macbeths surrender. The play analyzes how other alfresco forces can easily change the path of ones desires and decisions. The witches intrusion, maam Macbeths function and Macbeths dark desires all interfere and manipulate Macbeths decisions. He goes from being appraised as a noble soldier to a traitor and corrupt king. In the play, Macbeth commits m any(prenominal) terrible offences that he is solely not responsible for all of them.The outside factors manipulate his decisions and are responsible for his downfall at the end. To begin, the witches manipulate Macbeth early in the play by strongly influencing his decisions. The witches scheme to tell Macbeth his share afterward a battle has is lost and won. While traveling to King Duncans citadel Macbeth and Banquo waver upon the triple witches. The first witch greets Macbeth with his current title as the Thane of Glamis, the second witch greets Macbeth as the Thane of Cawdor, and the exit witch greets Macbeth as, All hail Macbeth that shalt be king hereafter (1. ii. 53).The greetings are prophecies that plant a minus setd of blind ambition in Macbeths gigabyteghts and the presages are an approach on the witches behalf to establish trust. short after the witches disappear, two Scottish Nobles Angus and Ross inform Macbeth of his new title as the Thane of Cawdor in plus to his current title as Thane of Glamis. The news makes Macbeth hopeful and invokes blind ambition, that he may become king. The nameion may come true easily as the Thane of Cawdor title did without causing harm to anyone.Once Macbeth truly becomes King, the pressure and guilt of his actions start to build. He starts to worry and is in unattackable about his throne because the witches also predict that Banquos descendants will beco me king. He decides to gestate two murders to commit the monstrous crime of murdering his good help. Macbeth intends to murder Banquo and his son Fleance, because they pose a great threat to his crown. After Macbeth is successful in persuading the two murders he hallows the two murders, to leave no rubs nor botches in the work/ Fleance, his son, that keeps him company,/ Whose absence is no slight material to me (3. . 153-155). Macbeth shows fear toward the prediction the witches foretold Banquo and this pushes him to murder once again. Moreover, the prediction was not meant directly at Banquo exclusively for his descendants to rule Scotland as prox kings. Macbeth does not want this because he desires his own descendents to become future kings. Banquo, and his son Fleance are a mere obstacle that need removing and Macbeth shows no concern or self-reproof in his decision to murder his dear companion Banquo and his son.Later, Macbeth receives news about Banquos death and Fleances escape is relief however, it is short lived when Macbeth starts to see the ghost of Banquo. Macbeth is horrified and scared which leads him to the decision of visiting the three witches for answers. Macbeth is experienceing insecure and fears Fleance returning and taking the throne away from him. There in a cave, the witches think upon their masters, the three specters to answer Macbeths request for information. The first apparition, an armed head, informs Macbeth to beware of Macduff.The second apparition, a damn child, advises Macbeth to be secure and not worry, because any man born from a woman can not hurt Macbeth. Macbeth laughs at this apparitions prediction because every man is born from a woman and the second apparitions prediction gives him more confidence and arrogance. Last of all, the final apparition, a laurelled child with a tree in its hand, tells Macbeth to be proud and not fearful because he cannot be vanquished until/ Great Birnam Wood to high Dunsinane Hill / Shall come against him (4. i. 106-107).Macbeth is delighted to hear this prediction from the third apparition because he knows trees can not move and this information gives Macbeth the confidence he was seeking for in order to feel secure about his position and his throne can not be taken away. He feels as if no one can harm him. Although the apparitions are correct, the witches have twisted the truth for Macbeth to feel invincible and confident on the decisions he is making to cause him harm in the near future. Secondly, Lady Macbeths blind ambition and false appearance take part in further change Macbeths decisions.Lady Macbeth reads Macbeths permitter and she immediately starts to plot King Duncans murder so the witches prophecies can her saves desires can become true. She knows Macbeth is, too full o th milk of human almsgiving/ That wouldst thou holily wouldst not play false/ And yet wouldst wrongly win (1. V. 17-23). Lady is aware(predicate) her husband Macbeth is too n oble and innocent to hurt an individual for his own personal gain. She knows she will have to persuade Macbeth to murder Duncan in order for him to become king.Later, during the congratulatory dinner, Lady Macbeth incites a hesitant Macbeth to carry out Duncan. At first, Macbeth is hesitant because he thinks he is double crossing trust with the king, he is his kinsman, and to shadow Duncan is his guest. Moreover, Duncan has done no wrong to deserve death. Macbeth confesses to Lady Macbeth he can not murder Duncan however, Lady Macbeth says, Art thou afeard/Wouldst thou have that/ Which thou esteemst the ornament of life/And live a coward in thine own esteem (1. vii. 43-47). Lady Macbeth is challenging his manhood by calling him a coward.She is manipulating Macbeth by contend with his insecurities and leaving him confused and in a vulnerable state. Lady Macbeth takes advantage of the moment and convinces Macbeth to murder Duncan to elicit he is a man and worthy of his manhood. As the dinner goes on, Lady Macbeth keeps up a unblemished facade of an innocent, gentle host dressed in white gown. However, she is deceiving everybody because as the guards drink and party the night away she laces their drinks to knock them. Therefore, later the blame of Duncans murder can be induct on their heads. After midnight, Macbeth murders Duncan and he is mortified and paranoid.Macbeth is disgusted at himself however, Lady Macbeth convinces him My hands are of your color, nevertheless I shame/ To wear a heart so white/ A little water clears us of this deed (2. ii. 83-87). She manipulates Macbeth in thinking the murder of Duncan is just a step to complete his desires. She completes the murder and helps Macbeth mute his hands as well as hers. She reassures him they will not be caught because she cleverly drugged and put the bloody draggers in the guards hands. In addition, explains their cover story as being incognizant while this dreadful deed took place.Moreover, Lady M acbeth uses her blind ambition and false appearance to manipulate Macbeths decisions and deceive the individuals around them to achieve Macbeths desires and complete the witches prophecies. Thirdly, Macbeths dark desires start to transform Macbeth from a noble soldier to a tyrant and a corrupt king as a result, of the manipulation from the witches and blind ambition from his wife Lady Macbeth. At the scratch line of the play Macbeth is praised for successfully vanquishing the enemy and his troops a acheside his loyal companion and solider, Banquo.After the battle, King Duncan praises Macbeth as, O valiant cousin, worthy gentleman (1. ii. 26). The praise gives Macbeth great respect and honour because cousin is referred to an individual who is highly trusted and respected. Macbeth is praised because of his respectful deeds of defend the king and eliminating the enemy threat. The good words Duncan says to Macbeth honour him in a positive way. However, soon after the witches tell Ma cbeth the prophecies the second prophecy becomes true and he is awarded the tile of Thane of Cawdor.Macbeth travels to King Duncans castle to let him know of his appreciation towards the kind gesture. However, at the castle Macbeths desires start to change. Duncan announces his eldest son, Malcolm, will be the heir to the throne after his passing away. Macbeth says in an aside, Stars, hide your fires / Let not light see black and deep desires (1. iv. 57-58). The seed that the witches are responsible for planting inside of Macbeths noble thoughts precedent starts to evolve into less noble thoughts of becoming king. Now Macbeth is starting to feel jealous towards Malcolm.He tries to convince himself that such negative thoughts are not good and should not remain in his mind any further. Moreover, Macbeth is scared and hopes no one is aware of his negative thoughts towards Malcolm. Moreover, Macbeth now carries the burdens of two murders of King Duncan, and his good friend Banquo. Howe ver, he starts to feels insecure once again due to the apparitions prediction of being aware of Macduff. Macbeth states, From this moment/ The very firstlings of my heart shall be/ The firstlings of my hand (4. . 166-168), and orders in a rushed decision to execute every living soul in Macduffs castle so he can pause better at night. The irrational order to slaughter innocent people in Macduffs castle proves how Macbeth is abusing his power of king. Macbeth is punishing Macduffs innocent family for Macduffs treason. However, Macduffs family is not even aware of Macduffs decisions and treason. Macbeth says he does not care what he does or how it will affect the others around him as long as it will help him sleep better at night.This proves Macbeth is no longer noble but a tyrant and corrupt king. Furthermore, the changes Macbeth undergoes, from a noble solider to a tyrant and corrupt king hand due to his dark desires his decisions were affected by the witches manipulation and by hi s wife, Lady Macbeths blind ambition. To conclude, Macbeth is not responsible for all his terrible crimes he commits throughout the play. The witches manipulation, his wife Lady Macbeths blind ambition and Macbeths desires hinder with noble Macbeths decisions and cause him to become Tyrant and Black Macbeth.At the beginning of the play he is the great and noble solider praised by King Duncan, but later transforms to a psychotic and corrupt king. He killed innocent people to get to his position as king and to further secure it. Furthermore, Shakespeare portrays in his play Macbeth, blind ambition, appearances can be deceiving and corruption of power and how they can be outside forces contributing to ones downfall. In Macbeths case, outside forces influence his decisions and ultimately lead to his destruction.